Txheej txheem cej luam
ASTM A213 / A213M yog tus qauv lees paub thoob ntiaj teb luam tawm los ntawm ASTM International uas qhia txog cov kev xav tau ntawm seamless ferritic thiab austenitic alloy- cov raj hlau tsim los siv rau hauv siab - kub thiab siab - kev pabcuam siab hauv boilers, superheaters, thiab cov cua kub exchangers.
Qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam uas qhov kub siab zog, oxidation tsis kam, creep resistance, thiab corrosion kuj tseem ceeb, xws li:
Kev tsim hluav taws xob (coal, gas, nuclear, thiab ua ke -cov nroj tsuag voj voog)
Petrochemical thiab chemical processing
Kev kho kom zoo
Roj & roj ntau lawm
High -kub rov ua haujlwm zoo
Tus "M" hauv A213M qhia txog qhov ntsuas ntsuas ntawm tus qauv. ASTM A213 / A213M-23 ASTM A213M-23
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm ASTM A213
Hom khoom
ASTM A213 npog ob pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau hlau hlau:
|
Hom |
Kev piav qhia |
|
Ferritic Alloy Steels |
Sib nqus, chromium-molybdenum (Cr-Mo) raws li cov hlau (piv txwv li, T5, T9, T11, T22, T91) |
|
Austenitic Stainless hlau |
Tsis yog-magnetic, chromium-nickel raws steels (piv txwv li, TP304, TP316, TP321, TP347) |
Cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsim los tswj lub zog thiab tiv thaiv oxidation, scaling, thiab creep ntawm kub tshaj 1000℃F (540 degree).
Kev tsim khoom
Seamless nkaus xwb: Tubes yog tsim tsis muaj weld seam, ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees nyob rau hauv cyclic thermal thiab mechanical stress.
Kub-Tiav lossis txias-Drawn:
Kub-ua tiav: Rau qhov loj dua thiab cov phab ntsa tuab
Txias-kos: Rau kev txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb, nto tiav, thiab lub zog
Kev kho cua sov:
Ferritic Qib: Yuav tsum tau normalized thiab tempered (los yog annealed rau austenitic qib)
Austenitic Qib: Yuav tsum tau muab cov tshuaj annealed thiab sai txias (quenched) los tiv thaiv rhiab heev thiab carbide nag lossis daus
Cov qhab nia thiab qeb
ASTM A213 txhais tau ntau qib, txhua tus raug xaiv los ntawm cov lus ua ntej qhia txog hom:
Ferritic Alloy Steels (T-series)
T5: 5% Cr - 0.5% Mo
T9: 9% Cr - 1% Mo
T11: 1.25% Cr - 0.5% Mo
T22: 2.25% Cr - 1% Mo
T91: 9% Cr - 1% Mo - V - Nb (siab- zog, creep-resistant)
Austenitic Stainless Steels (TP-series)
TP304/TP304H: 18% Cr - 8% Ni (H=siab carbon rau creep zog)
TP316/TP316H: 16% Cr - 12% Ni - 2% Mo (txhim kho corrosion kuj)
TP321: 18% Cr - 10% Ni + Ti (stabilized tiv thaiv rhiab heev)
TP347: 18% Cr - 10% Ni + Nb (stabilized, zoo heev thermal qaug zog tsis kam)
Lus Cim: Cov lus "H" (piv txwv li, TP304H) qhia tau hais tias qhov siab - carbon variant optimized rau creep zog nyob rau hauv ntev -lub sij hawm siab - kub kev pab cuam.
Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
Cov kev txwv nruj tau teev tseg rau txhua qib kom ua tau zoo. Piv txwv rau TP304H:
C: 0.04–0.10%
Cr: 18.0-20.0%
Tsis muaj: 8.0-11.0%
Mn: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2.0%
Si: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.75%
P, S: Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.045%
Rau T22 (2.25Cr-1Mo):
C: 0.05–0.15%
Cr: 1.90-2.60%
Mov: 0.90-1.10%
Qhov hnyav: 0.30-0.60%
Mechanical Properties (Yam tsawg kawg nkaus)
Hloov raws qib. Piv txwv:
|
Qib |
Tensile zog (min) |
Yield zog (min) |
Elongation (min) |
|
T5 |
60,000 psi (415 MPa) |
30,000 psi (205 MPa) |
20% hauv 2 nti. |
|
T22 |
65,000 psi (450 MPa) |
45,000 psi (310 MPa) |
22% hauv 2 hauv. |
|
TP 304 H |
75,000 psi (515 MPa) |
30,000 psi (205 MPa) |
40% hauv 2 nti. |
|
TP 316 H |
75,000 psi (515 MPa) |
30,000 psi (205 MPa) |
40% hauv 2 nti. |
Dimensions thiab Tolerances
Sab nraud txoj kab uas hla (OD): Feem ntau 1/4 nti rau 5 nti (6 mm txog 127 mm)
Phab ntsa Thickness: Nyias mus rau nruab nrab, optimized rau tshav kub hloov thiab siab ntim
Tolerances:
OD: ± 0.005 hli (± 0.13 hli)
Phab ntsa: ± 10%
Kev Ncaj Ncees: Max 1/8 nti ib ko taw (1 mm / m)
Surface condition
Qhov saum npoo yuav tsum huv, du, thiab tsis muaj nplai, tawg, seams, laps, thiab oxidation.
Kev daws teeb meem-cov hlab austenitic muaj qhov ci, oxide-dawb tiav.
Ferritic raj tej zaum yuav muaj me ntsis zeb nplai tshwj tsis yog pickled los yog polished.
Kev xeem yuav tsum tau
Hydrostatic Test: Txhua lub raj yuav tsum tau hydrotested tshwj tsis yog hloov los ntawm NDE.
Nondestructive Electric Test (NDE): Eddy tam sim no lossis ultrasonic kuaj yuav raug siv.
Flattening Test: Yuav tsum tau rau qib ferritic.
Flaring Test: Yuav tsum muaj rau qib austenitic hauv qab 3 ntiv tes OD.
Hardness Test: Yuav tsum tau rau cov qib ferritic (xws li, T91 yuav tsum tau raws li hardness txwv).
Tensile Test: Yuav tsum tau ua raws li tus qauv.
Kev ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam: Yuav tsum muaj rau qee qib ferritic hauv qis -kev pabcuam kub.
Intergranular Corrosion Test: Yuav tsum tau rau cov qib ruaj khov (TP321, TP347) yog tias tau teev tseg.
Daim ntawv thov
- Boiler Tubes: Waterwalls, rauv tubes
- Superheaters thiab Reheaters: Hauv cov roj fossil thiab ua ke - voj voog fais fab nroj tsuag
- Heat Exchangers: Siab -cov txheej txheem kub
- Steam Generators: Nuclear thiab industrial nroj tsuag
- Catalytic thiab Reforming Units: Refineries
- Siab -Tub Txheej Txheej Piping (tubing)
Kev sib piv nrog cov qauv zoo sib xws
|
Txuj |
Qhov txawv tseem ceeb |
|
ASTM A 213 |
Seamless alloy thiab stainless hlau raj rau siab -temp boiler thiab kub exchanger kev pab cuam |
|
ASTM A192 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb |
Seamless carbon steel boiler raj (qis temp / zog) |
|
ASTM A 210 Cov Lus Qhia |
Seamless nruab nrab - carbon steel boiler raj |
|
ASTM A 249 Cov khoom siv |
Welded austenitic stainless hlau raj rau tshav kub exchangers |
|
ASTM A335 Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb |
Seamless ferritic alloy steel yeeb nkab (kab loj dua, txheej txheem kav) |
|
ASTM A 312 Cov Lus Qhia |
Seamless / welded austenitic stainless hlau yeeb nkab |
Lus Cim: ASTM A213 yog rau cov raj (txoj kab uas hla me me, nruj dua qhov ntev), thaum A335 / A312 npog cov kav dej siv hauv cov txheej txheem txheej txheem.
Ntawv pov thawj & Traceability
- Mill Test Report (MTR): Yuav tsum tau (EN 10204 3.1 lossis 3.2)
- Thaum tshav kub kub Traceability: Tag nrho traceability los ntawm raw khoom mus rau cov khoom kawg
- Thib peb-Kev tshuaj xyuas tog: Feem ntau rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb (piv txwv li, ASME, API, NDT)
- NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156: Muaj feem xyuam rau qee qib hauv kev pabcuam qaub (xws li TP316, duplex variants)
- ASME Txoj Cai Ua Raws Cai: Cov raj feem ntau siv hauv ASME BPVC Tshooj I thiab Tshooj VIII cov hlab ntsha
Cov ntsiab lus
ASTM A213 / A213M yog tus qauv zoo tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb rau seamless alloy thiab stainless hlau raj siv nyob rau hauv siab - kub, siab - ib puag ncig siab. Nws npog ntau yam ntawm ferritic Cr-Mo steels thiab austenitic stainless hlau, txhua tus engineered rau creep kuj, oxidation kuj, thiab ntev -lub sij hawm kev cia siab.
Vim nws cov kev xav tau nruj heev ntawm chemistry, kev kho cua sov, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab kev sim, ASTM A213 tubing yog cov khoom siv hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, cov chaw tsim khoom, thiab cov nroj tsuag tshuaj uas tsis muaj kev xaiv.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv niaj hnub siab -kev ua haujlwm thermal.
- Tam sim no Version: ASTM A213 / A213M - 23 (raws li xyoo 2025)
- Tus tsim tawm: ASTM International
- Scope: Seamless ferritic thiab austenitic alloy- steel tubes rau boiler, superheater, thiab cua sov- kev pabcuam pauv.
